Like the launch of a space probe, the advent of the CRISPR/Cas genome editing platform has caused both excitement and anxiety. The excitement, of course, reflects its high success rate, its simplicity, and its affordability. Its rapid adoption owes much to the groundwork laid by its predecessor nucleases, zinc-finger nucleases (ZFNs), meganucleases, and transcription activator–like effector nucleases (TALENs). All these reagents are able to make specific, targeted breaks in chromosomal DNA and generate both new mutations and intentional sequence changes.
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